Facade and Opening Design Strategies for Enhancing Natural Lighting Efficiency in Classrooms at SD Labschool UPI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32315/jlbi.v15i3.569Keywords:
Natural Lighting, Opening Design, Classroom, SD Labschool UPI, VELUX Daylight VisualizerAbstract
Natural lighting is an essential aspect of elementary school building design, as it significantly influences visual comfort and learning effectiveness. However, many classrooms in Indonesia do not meet the minimum illuminance standard of 350 lux specified in SNI 03-6197-2020. This study aims to evaluate and optimize facade and opening design strategies to improve the performance of natural lighting at SD Labschool UPI. The research employed daylight simulations using VELUX Daylight Visualizer on two building floors without the assistance of artificial lighting to analyze light intensity and distribution. The results indicate that the first floor met the required standard, achieving average illuminance levels of 358.6 lux (March 21) and 350.3 lux (December 21). In contrast, the initial design of the second floor remained below the standard, with average illuminance values of 299.4 lux and 256.5 lux, respectively. Through the addition of corridor skylights, the optimization of building openings, and the implementation of a secondary skin as a shading device, the average illuminance on the second floor increased to 362.5 lux and 352 lux, with a more uniform light distribution and better control of glare potential. This study confirms that passive facade design strategies can effectively achieve the latest illuminance standards without relying on artificial lighting.
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