Model Tata Massa Arsitektur Sasak di Pulau Lombok

Abstract

Pemahaman nilai-nilai kearifan lokal terutama pada nilai tradisional, penting untuk dipaparkan, agar generasi mendatang tetap dapat menghargai kekayaan leluhurnya. Penelitian ini merupakan deskripsi mengenai model tata massa khususnya rumah adat, yaitu pada Arsitektur Sasak, Lombok. Metode pengamatan dilakukan di sembilan lokasi desa adat yang tersebar di Pulau Lombok, dan hanya enam lokasi yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sampel yaitu: rumah adat Sade, rumah adat Limbungan Barat, rumah adat Limbungan Timur, rumah adat Sembalun, rumah adat Senaru dan rumah adat Beleq Gumentar. Hasil penelitian menemukenali adanya dua jenis tipe penataan massa berdasarkan kondisi lokasi, yaitu pola tatanan massa di area berkontur dan di area yang datar. Tipe bangunan yang dipilih bersesuaian dengan jenis pola tatanan massanya, di mana tipe Bale Mengina diperuntukkan untuk daerah datar, sedangkan tipe Bale Tani diperuntukkan untuk daerah berkontur. Adapun tipe Geleng yang ditemui pada semua tipe tatanan massa, mengalami proses tranformasi bentuk.

It is important to explain the values of local wisdom, especially the traditional values, so that the future generations can still appreciate the wealth of their ancestors. This research is a description of the mass system model, especially the traditional houses, in Sasak Architecture, Lombok. Observation was performed on nine location scattered throughout Lombok island. From those nine locations, there were six that could be qualified as samples. Those six are Sade traditional house, Limbungan Barat traditional house, Limbungan Timur traditional house, Sembalun traditional house, Senaru traditional house, and Beleq Gumentar traditional house. By assessing those six samples, it is found that there are two types of massing according to the land condition, which are massing on contoured land and on flat land. The building type are also selected according to the massing type, where Bale Mengina used in flat land and Bale Tani in contoured land. Geleng type, which could be found in all type of massing, experiences form transformation.